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Wheat Information
Service
Number 80: 1 - 5 (1995)
1.
Articles
Inheritance studies for yield and yield component traits in bread
wheat over the environments
Uma Menon and
S.N. Sharma
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Rajasthan Agricultural
University, Agricultural Research Station, Durgapura, Jaipur 302018,
India
Summary
The genetics of yield and yield component traits was studied in
bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by means of a 10 x 10
half-diallel progeny (F2) over three environments. The
components of variance analysis revealed that both additive (D) and
non-additive (H1 and H2) components of
variation were important for all the characters studied, except days
to maturity, for which only nonadditive component was important. The
(H1/D)1/2 values revealed over-dominance for
all the characters. The values of 'F' exhibited an excess of dominant
alleles in the parents for days to heading, number of grains per
spike, grain weight per spike, 1000 grain weight, harvest index and
grain yield and directional dominance of the decreasing genes for
plant height. Breeding methods such as bi-parental mating and/or
recurrent selection by intermating the most desirable segregants,
alternately with selection may be advantageous to combine the
important yield component traits for more tangible advancement in
bread wheat.
Introduction
The genetic research done on improvement in the recent past has
revealed that grain yield in this crop is determined by component
traits and it is a highly complex and variable character and the
genes for yield per se do not exist (Grafius 1959). Terefore, the
knowledge about the nature and magnitude of gene effects of such
metric traits and the expression of gene involved over varied
environment are of paramount importance for the wheat breeder in
formulating an efficient breeding programme to achieve desired
genetic improvement in this important cereal. In view of this, the
present study aims to detect the genotype x environment interactions
and obtain information regarding the component traits, by analyzing
the performance of progeny from a 10 x 10 parental diallel over the
three diverse environments.
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